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Last updated September 2022.

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Subject keyword Context
(Former) Grand Duchy of Lithuania
(Former) Habsburg Empire
(Former) Ottoman Empire
(Former) Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth
(Former) Soviet Union
A-bar movement see: Movement Generative grammar
Abbreviation
Abessive
Abjad
Abkhazia
Ablative
Ablaut
Absolute construction
Absolute vs. relative tense Tense
Absolutive
Abstractive morphology
Abugida
Accent
Accommodation
Accusative
Accusativus-cum-infinitivo see: Raising
Acoustic phonetics
Acquisition order see: Order of acquisition
Acquisition planning
Acronym see: Abbreviation
Actionality see: Aktionsart
Active voice Voice
Actual sentence perspective see: Prague school Structuralism
Adaptation
Address
Adjective Part of speech
Adjunct
Admirative see: Mirativity
Adverb Part of speech
Adverbial
Affect see: Emotion
Affix
Affricate Obstruent < Consonant
Afghanistan
Africa
Age
Agent Semantic role
Agentive cognitive construction grammar
Agglutinating languages see: Agglutination
Agglutination
Agglutinative see: Agglutination
Agrammatism
Agreement
Agreement by correspondence
Agreement by projection
Aktionsart
Alaska
Albania
Alethic modality see: Modality
Algeria
Allative (directional) see: Directional
Allative (locative) see: Locative (case) Case marking
Allomorph
Allophone
Alphabet
Alternative semantics
Alveolar Consonant
Alzheimer’s
Ambiguity
A-movement see: Movement Generative grammar
Analogy
Anaphora
Angola
Animacy
Animal communication
Annotation see: Tagging
Anthropological linguistics see: Ethnolinguistics
Anthroponymy
Anticausative see: Unaccusative Intransitive construction
Antipassive Voice
Antonymy
Aorist
Aphasia
Apheresis see: Elision Sound change
Apocope see: Elision Sound change
Apodosis see: Conditional
Apophony see: Ablaut
Applicative
Applied language typology
Applied linguistics
Apposition
Appraisal theory
Approximant
Archaism
Areal linguistics see: Linguistic area
Argentina
Argot see: Sociolect
Argument alternation see: Syntactic alternation
Argument marking
Argument structure see: Valency
Argumentation
Armenia
Article see: Determiner Function word
Articulation
Articulatory phonetics
Articulatory phonology
Asia
Aspect
Aspiration
Assimilation Sound change
Attrition
Attrition (language loss) see: Language loss
Auditory phonetics
Augmentative
Australia
Austria
Authorship attribution
Autism
Autolexical grammar
Autosegmental phonology
Auxiliary Function word
Azerbaijan
Babbling
Baby talk see: Child-directed speech Input
Bahia
Bahrain
Balearic Islands
Bangladesh
Barbados
Bare phrase structure
Basic linguistic theory
Basque Country
Belarus
Belgian Congo
Belgium
Belize
Beneficiary Semantic role
Benin
Bhutan
Bibliography
Bilabial see: Labial Consonant
Bilingual education see: Language(s) of instruction
Bilingualism/plurilingualism (simultaneous)
Binding Generative grammar
Biographical data
Biolinguistics
Bleaching
Blending theory
Body part Lexical field
Bolivia
Bootstrapping
Borrowing
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brain damage
Brazil
Broca see: Modularity
Brunei
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Calque see: Loan translation
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Cape York Peninsula
Capitalization
Caribbean
Cartography Generative grammar
Case (accusative) see: Accusative
Case (dative) see: Dative
Case (ergative) see: Ergativity Case system
Case (genitive) see: Genitive
Case (nominative) see: Nominative
Case alternation
Case assignment see: Case government
Case government
Case in generative grammar Generative grammar
Case marking
Case system
Casus generalis see: Case system
Casus obliquus (accusative) see: Accusative
Casus obliquus (case marking) see: Case marking
Casus obliquus (case system) see: Case system
Casus obliquus (dative) see: Dative
Casus obliquus (genitive) see: Genitive
Catalonia
Cataphora see: Anaphora
Categorial grammar
Causal
Causative
Central Africa
Central America
Central Asia
Change of state verb
Character
Child-directed speech Input
Chile
China
Circumfix
Classifier
Clause linkage
Cleft construction see: Clefting
Clefting
Click Consonant
Clipping see: Truncation
Clitic Function word
Coalescence
Coarticulation
Coda Syllable
Code-mixing see: Code-switching
Code-switching
Codification
Cognate
Cognition
Cognitive construction grammar
Cognitive grammar see: Cognitive linguistics
Cognitive linguistics
Cognitive Metaphor Theory
Cohesion
Collective noun see: Noun class
Collocation
Colloquial
Colombia
Color Lexical field
Columbia School
Comitative
Commissive see: Speech act
Commitment space semantics
Comoros
Comparative
Comparative linguistics
Complementation Subordination < Complex sentence
Complementizer see: Conjunction Function word
Complex sentence
Complexity theory
Composition see: Compound
Compound
Computational linguistics
Computer-mediated communication Register
Conceptual blending theory see: Blending theory
Conceptual integration theory
Conceptual metaphor theory
Conceptual semantics
Concessive
Concord see: Agreement
Conditional
Conditional mood see: Mood
Conjugation
Conjunction Function word
Connectionism
Connective see: Conjunction Function word
Connectivity see: Clause linkage
Connotation
Consonant
Consonant cluster Consonant
Consonant duration Consonant
Consonant harmony Assimilation < Sound change
Construction grammar
Construction morphology
Constructivist approach
Containment theory
Content question Interrogative
Context
Context-free grammar
Contextual prosodic theory
Contiguity theory
Contrastive analysis
Control Generative grammar
Converb
Convergence
Conversation analysis
Conversion
Coordination Complex sentence
Cophonology theory
Copula Function word
Coreference
Coronal Consonant
Corpus
Corpus linguistics
Corpus planning
Correlative
Corsica
Costa Rica
Cotext see: Context
Count noun see: Noun class
Counterfactual
Coverb see: Serial verb
Creation of writing systems see: Codification
Creole genesis
Creolization see: Creole genesis
Crete
Critical discourse analysis
Critical genre analysis
Critical metaphor analysis
Critical period
Croatia
Cross-cultural interaction see: Intercultural communication
Cuba
Cultural linguistics
Cuneiform
CV phonology
CVCV phonology see: Strict CV phonology
Cyclic linearization
Cyclic morphology
Cyprus
Cyrillic Alphabet
Czech Republic
Dagestan
DAM see: Differential argument marking
Database
Dative
Dative alternation
Deadjectival
Declarative Illocution
Declarative phonology
Declension
Default semantics
Definiteness
Degrammaticalization see: Grammaticalization
Degree
Deixis
Deletion Generative grammar
Deletion of sounds see: Elision Sound change
Deliberate metaphor theory
Delineation semantics
Dementia
Demography
Demonstrative Function word
Denmark
Denominal
Dental Consonant
Deontic modality Modality
Dependency grammar Structuralism
Dependency phonology
Dependent case theory
Dependent type semantics
Depictive secondary predication see: Secondary predication Predication
Derivational morphology
Desiderative
Determiner Function word
Determiner phrase Generative grammar
Deverbal
Devoicing Sound change
Diachronic construction grammar
Diachronic prototype semantics
Dialect change
Dialect contact
Dialect convergence see: Dialect change
Dialect levelling see: Dialect change
Dialect loss and maintenance
Dialectal lexicon
Dialectology
Dialogic syntax
Dictionary
Differential argument marking
Differential object marking
Diffusion
Diglossia
Diminutive
Diphthong Vowel
Direct object Object
Direct vs. inverse see: Inverse
Directional
Directive speech act see: Request Speech act
Discourse analysis
Discourse genre see: Text type
Discourse grammar see: Text grammar
Discourse marker
Discourse representation theory
Dislocation Word order
Disorders of language development
Dissertation
Dissimilation Sound change
Distributed language theory
Distributed morphology Generative grammar
Distributed syntax
Distributional semantics
Ditransitive
Divergence
Dorsal Consonant
Double object Object
Double verb construction
Down syndrome
DP see: Determiner phrase Generative grammar
DRT see: Discourse representation theory
Dual Number
Dual linguistics
Dual route
Dummy see: Expletive
Durative see: Aktionsart
Dynamic semantics
Dynamic syntax
Dynamic systems theory
Dysgrammatism see: Agrammatism
Dyslexia
Early bilingualism
East Africa
East Asia
East Timor
ECM see: Raising
Ecolinguistics
Economy (in generative syntax) see: Minimalism Generative grammar
ECP see: Empty category Generative grammar
Ecuador
Egypt
Ejective Obstruent < Consonant
Elative see: Degree
Element theory
Elicitation
Elision Sound change
Ellipsis
Embodied construction grammar
Emergent grammar
Emoji
Emotion
Emphasis
Emphatic consonant see: Pharyngeal Consonant
Empty category Generative grammar
Empty category principle see: Empty category Generative grammar
Empty head see: Head
Enantiosemy
Enclitic see: Clitic Function word
Endangered language
Ending
Entrenchment-and-conventionalization model
Epenthesis Sound change
Epistemic
Epistemic modality see: Epistemic
EPP see: Extended projection principle Generative grammar
Ergative see: Ergativity Case system
Ergativity Case system
ERP see: Event-related potential
Estonia
Ethiopia
Ethnicity
Ethnolect
Ethnolinguistics
Ethnonym
Etymology
Euphemism
Europe
European structuralism see: Prague school Structuralism
European Union
Evaluative
Event semantics
Event-related potential
Evidentiality
Evolution
Exaptation
Exceptional case marking see: Raising
Exclamative Illocution
Exemplar theory
Existential
Exoskeletal model
Experiencer Semantic role
Experimental phonetics/phonology
Experimental pragmatics
Experimental semantics
Experimental syntax
Expletive
Extended projection principle Generative grammar
Eye movement
Factivity
Facultative modality see: Modality
FDG see: Functional discourse grammar Functionalism
Feature checking Generative grammar
Feature geometry
Feminine gender see: Gender
Feminist linguistics see: Gender issues
Fieldwork
Finiteness
Finland
First language acquisition by pre-school children
First language acquisition by school children
First language acquisition, child language
First phase syntax
Flap
Flora and fauna Lexical field
Fluid construction grammar
Focus Information structure
Folk etymology
Folk taxonomy
Food and drink Lexical field
Foot
Foreign accent
Foreign language learning see: Foreign language learning/teaching
Foreign language learning/teaching
Foreign language teaching see: Foreign language learning/teaching
Foreigner talk see: Accommodation
Forensic linguistics
Form of address see: Address
Formal models
Formal semantics
Fortis see: Plosive Obstruent < Consonant
Fortition
Frame semantics
France
Free indirect speech
French Guiana
Frequency (phonetics)
Frequency of occurrence
Frequentative
Fricative Obstruent < Consonant
Fricativization see: Spirantization Sound change
Fronting see: Dislocation Word order
Function word
Functional discourse grammar Functionalism
Functional generative description
Functional grammar see: Functionalism
Functional sentence perspective see: Prague school Structuralism
Functional style see: Register
Functionalism
Fusion (polysynthesis) see: Polysynthesis
Fusion (synthesis vs. analysis) see: Synthesis vs. analysis
Future Tense
Future perfect see: Future Tense
Fuzziness
Gabon
Gapping
Garden path theory
GB see: Generative grammar
Geminate Consonant
Gender
Gender issues
Gender variation
General
Generalization see: Simplification
Generalized Quantifier Theory
Generative grammar
Generative lexicon Generative grammar
Generic reference Reference
Genetic affiliation
Genitive
Genre
Georgia
Germany
Gerund
Gerundive
Gesture
Ghana
Given-new see: Information structure
Glagolitic Alphabet
Glide Obstruent < Consonant
Globalization
Glossing
Glottal Consonant
Glottochronology
Glue semantics
Government Generative grammar
Government and binding see: Generative grammar
Government phonology Generative grammar
Gradient symbolic representation
Grammar acquisition
Grammar, morphosyntax
Grammatical borrowing
Grammatical semantics
Grammaticalization
Grammaticalization theory
Grapheme
Grapholinguistics
Greece
Greenland
Guam
Guatemala
Guided second language acquisition
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Habitual Aspect
Haiti
Handbook
Hangul Alphabet
Harmonic grammar
Harmonic serialism Optimality theory
Harmonious discourse analysis
Hawai'i
Hawaiʻi
Head
Head-driven phrase structure grammar
Headless construction see: Head
Hearing impairment
Hedging see: Mitigation
Heritage language
Hiatus Vowel
Hieroglyph
Hiragana see: Kana Syllabary
Historical construction grammar
Historical lexicography
Historical lexicology
Historical linguistics and language change
Historical morphology
Historical phonology see: Sound change
Historical pragmatics
Historical present
Historical semantics see: Semantic change
Historical sociolinguistics
Historical syntax
History of linguistics
History of linguistics: Antiquity
History of linguistics: Arab tradition
History of linguistics: East Asian tradition
History of linguistics: Eighteenth century
History of linguistics: Indian tradition
History of linguistics: Middle Ages
History of linguistics: Nineteenth century
History of linguistics: Non-Western traditions
History of linguistics: Renaissance
History of linguistics: Seventeenth century
History of linguistics: Twentieth century
History of linguistics: Twenty-first century
History of linguistics: Western traditions
History of organizations
Holophrase see: Ellipsis
Homonymy
Homophone see: Homonymy
Hong Kong
Honorific
Hortative
HPSG see: Head-driven phrase structure grammar
Humor
Hungary
Hypercorrection
Hyperonymy
Hypocorism
Hyponymy
Hypotaxis see: Subordination Complex sentence
Iceland
Iconicity
Ideophone
Idiolect
Idiom
Illocution
Imperative
Imperfect
Imperfective Aspect
Impersonal
Implicature
Implosive Obstruent < Consonant
Inchoative see: Inchoative/ingressive
Incorporation
Indefiniteness
India
Indicative see: Mood
Indirect object Object
Indirective see: Evidentiality
Indonesia
Inference
Infinitive
Infix
Inflectional
Inflectional morphology
Information structure
Ingressive see: Inchoative/ingressive
Inherent case see: Case in generative grammar Generative grammar
Inherent case theory
Innateness
Innovation
Input
Instrumental (case) Case marking
Instrumental (semantic role) Semantic role
Integrational linguistics
Intelligibility
Intensification
Intensifier see: Intensification
Interaction
Interactional construction grammar
Interactional discourse analysis
Intercultural communication
Interdental see: Dental Consonant
Interface
Interference see: Transfer
Interjection
Interlanguage
Interlinguistics
Internationalism see: Loanword
Interrogative
Intonation
Intransitive
Inverse
Inverse case see: Inverse
Inverse voice see: Inverse
Inversion Word order
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Irony
Irrealis see: Realis/irrealis
Island defect see: Movement Generative grammar
Island effect see: Movement Generative grammar
Isogloss
Isolating language
Isomorphism see: Transparency
Israel
Istria
Italy
Iterative
Ivory Coast
Jamaica
Japan
Jargon
Jordan
Kalahari Basin
Kana Syllabary
Kanji Character
Katakana see: Kana Syllabary
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kinship term Lexical field
Kosovo
Kurdistan
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Labeling algorithm
Labial Consonant
Labialization
Labiodental see: Labial Consonant
Labiovelar
Language acquisition
Language attitudes and social identity
Language choice
Language comprehension
Language contact
Language dating
Language death
Language disorders
Language disorders other than developmental and aphasia
Language documentation
Language faculty see: Linguistic competence
Language for special purposes
Language ideology
Language into act theory
Language island
Language legislation
Language loss
Language loss and maintenance
Language mixing see: Mixed language
Language policy and language planning
Language preservation
Language production
Language shift
Language variation
Language(s) of instruction
Laos
Laryngeal Consonant
Lateral Liquid < Sonorant < Consonant
Latin script
Latvia
Law
Learnability
Lebanon
Left periphery Periphery
Lenis see: Plosive Obstruent < Consonant
Lenition Sound change
Lesotho
Lexical access
Lexical acquisition
Lexical aspect see: Aktionsart
Lexical blend Neologism
Lexical constructional model
Lexical decomposition see: Semantic primitive
Lexical field
Lexical functional grammar
Lexical grammar
Lexical hybrid see: Adaptation
Lexical mapping theory
Lexical phonology
Lexical priming
Lexical resource semantics
Lexical semantics
Lexicalism
Lexicalization
Lexicography
Lexicology
Lexicon (lexicology and lexicography)
Lexicon-grammar
Lexicostatistics
LFG see: Lexical functional grammar
LGBTQ
Liberia
Libya
Light verb
Lingua franca
Linguistic area
Linguistic competence
Linguistic determinism see: Linguistic relativity
Linguistic distance see: Intelligibility
Linguistic geography
Linguistic human rights
Linguistic ideology see: Language ideology
Linguistic landscape
Linguistic norm see: Standard language
Linguistic polyphony
Linguistic prejudice
Linguistic Realism
Linguistic relativity
Linguistic theory and methodology
Linguistic typology, universals of language
Liquid Obstruent < Consonant
Literacy
Lithuania
Loan translation
Loanword
Locative (case) Case marking
Locative (semantic role) Semantic role
Locative alternation
Locution
Logic
Logical form Generative grammar
Logographic script see: Character
Logophoricity see: Coreference
Luxembourg
Macau
Machine processing see: Natural language processing
Machine translation
Macrosyntax
Madagascar
Maghreb
Main clause
Mainland Southeast Asia
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Manner of articulation see: Articulation
Markedness
Marshall Islands
Masculine gender see: Gender
Mass noun see: Noun class
Matched guise see: Linguistic prejudice
Mathematical and computational linguistics
Matrix language frame model
Matrix syntax
Mauritania
Mauritius
Maximum entropy
Meaning-text theory
Media
Media linguistic imageology
Mediative see: Evidentiality
Memory
Mental lexicon
Mental representation
Mental space theory Cognitive linguistics
Mental-model theory
Menzerath-Altmann law
Merge in generative grammar see: Movement Generative grammar
Meronymy
Metalinguistic awareness
Metalinguistic data
Metaphony Assimilation < Sound change
Metaphor
Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit
Metathesis Sound change
Meter
Metonymy
Metre see: Meter
Metrical grid theory
Metrics, versification
Mexico
Micronesia
Middle East
Middle voice Voice
Migration
Mimetic see: Ideophone
Minimal pair see: Phonemic contrast
Minimalism Generative grammar
Minimalist program see: Minimalism Generative grammar
Minority language
MIPVU see: Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit
Mirativity
Missionary linguistics
Mitigation
Mixed language
Modality
Model-theoretic semantics
Modernization
Modification
Modifier see: Modification
Modularity
Moldova
Mongolia
Monitoring
Monolingual lexicography
Montague grammar
Montenegro
Mood
Mora
Morocco
Morphology and word-formation
Morphophonology
Motherese see: Child-directed speech Input
Mother-to-child see: Child-directed speech Input
Motion Verb class
Movement Generative grammar
Mozambique
Multidimensional analysis
Multi-level discourse prominence analysis
Multilinear grammar
Multilingualism
Multilingualism, language contact
Multimodal cognitive linguistics
Multiple exponence
Mutation see: Lenition Sound change
Myanmar
Name studies other than anthroponymy and toponymy
Namibia
Nanosyntax
Narrative Text type
Nasal Vowel
Nasalization Assimilation < Sound change
National identity
Nativeness
Natural grammar
Natural language generation
Natural language processing
Natural morphology see: Transparency
Natural phonology
Natural semantic metalanguage see: Semantic primitive
Natural syntax
Necessity see: Modality
Negation
Negative polarity item see: Polarity
Neoconstructivism
Neologism
Nepal
Netherlands
Network morphology
Neural theory of language
Neurolinguistic programming
Neurolinguistics
Neurolinguistics and language disorders
Neuter gender see: Gender
Neutralization
New Guinea
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
NLG see: Natural language generation
NLP see: Natural language processing
Nominalization
Nominative
Non-finite clause Complex sentence
Non-verbal communication
Normalization see: Status planning
North Africa
North America
North Korea
Northeast Asia
Northeast China
Northern Ireland
Northern Macedonia
Norway
Noun Part of speech
Noun class
Noun phrase
NP see: Noun phrase
NPI see: Polarity
Nucleus Syllable
Null argument
Null subject Null argument
Number
Numeral Function word
Obituary
Object
Oblique case see: Case in generative grammar Generative grammar
Obstruent Consonant
Obviative vs. proximate see: Inverse
Oceania
Official language
Oman
Onomastics
Onomatopoeia see: Ideophone
Onset Syllable
Opacity
Operational grammar
Optimal construction morphology
Optimality theory
Oral language see: Spoken language Register
Order of acquisition
Origin of language
Orthographic reform
Orthography
OT see: Optimality theory
Pacific
Pakistan
Palatal Consonant
Palatalization Assimilation < Sound change
Palau
Palestine
Papua New Guinea
Paradigm
Paradigm function morphology
Paragoge see: Epenthesis Sound change
Paraguay
Parallel grammar
Parameter see: Principles and parameters Generative grammar
Parataxis see: Coordination Complex sentence
Parenthetical
Parkinson’s
Paronymy
Parsing
Part of speech
Participle
Particle Function word
Particle verb see: Phrasal verb
Partitive
Passive participle see: Participle
Passive voice Voice
Past Tense
Past participle see: Participle
Patient Semantic role
Pattern grammar
Pause
Peak see: Nucleus Syllable
Pejorative
Perception
Perfect
Perfective Aspect
Performative Speech act
Periphery
Periphrasis
Perlocution
Person
Person case constraint
Personal pronoun Pronoun < Function word
Peru
Pharyngeal Consonant
Phase theory
Phase verb Verb class
Phatic
Phi-feature see: Agreement
Philippines
Philosophy of language
Phoneme inventory
Phonemic contrast
Phonetics
Phonetics and phonology
Phonological change see: Sound change
Phonology
Phonology as human behavior
Phonosemantic word see: Ideophone
Phonostylistics
Phonotactics
Phrasal verb
Phrase-linking grammar
Phraseological unit
Phraseology, paroemiology
Phylogenetics see: Genetic affiliation
Pictographic representation
Pied piping Generative grammar
Pitch see: Accent
Place of articulation see: Articulation
Plosive Obstruent < Consonant
Pluperfect
Pluractional
Plural Number
Plurale tantum
Pluricentricity
Plurilingual lexicography
Poland
Polarity
Politeness
Polynesia
Polysemy
Polysynthesis
Polysynthetic language see: Polysynthesis
Portmanteau see: Lexical blend Neologism
Portugal
Possession
Possessive pronoun Pronoun < Function word
Possibility see: Modality
Postposition Function word
Poststructuralism
Posture verb
Power
PP see: Prepositional phrase
Praesens historicum see: Historical present
Pragmaticalization
Pragmatics acquisition
Pragmatics, discourse analysis and text grammar
Prague school Structuralism
Precedence-free phonology
Pre-conference publication
Predication
Predicative noun Part of speech
Prefix
Preposition Function word
Prepositional phrase
Prescriptivism
Present Tense
Presentative
Prestige
Prestige planning see: Status planning
Presupposition
Preverb
Priming
Principal Component Analysis
Principles and parameters Generative grammar
Pro see: Null subject Null argument
Process-and-paradigm morphology
Processing
Proclitic see: Clitic Function word
Pro-drop see: Null subject Null argument
Productivity
Proficiency see: Linguistic competence
Progressive Aspect
Promise see: Speech act
Pronoun Function word
Pronoun of address see: Address
Proof-theoretic semantics
Proper name
Proper noun see: Proper name
Proposition
Protasis see: Conditional
Prothesis see: Epenthesis Sound change
Proto-language
Prototype
Prototype theory
Proverb
Proximate vs. obviative see: Inverse
Pseudo-cleft see: Clefting
Psycholinguistics
Psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics
Puerto Rico
Punctuation
Purism
Purpose
Qatar
Quantification
Quantifier see: Quantification
Quotation
Race see: Ethnicity
Racism
Radical construction grammar
Radical CV phonology
Radical minimalism
Raising
Reading
Realis see: Realis/irrealis
Realis/irrealis
Reanalysis
Reason see: Causal
Recipient Semantic role
Reciprocal
Recognition
Reconstruction
Reconstruction in generative grammar see: Logical form Generative grammar
Recursion
Reduction
Redundancy
Reduplication
Reference
Reference grammar
Reference work
Referring see: Reference
Reflexive
Refusal see: Speech act
Refutation see: Speech act
Regional language
Regional variation
Register
Regularization see: Analogy
Reinforcement
Relational grammar
Relational morphology
Relational network theory
Relative binarity
Relative clause Complex sentence
Relative pronoun
Relative tense see: Absolute vs. relative tense Tense
Relevance theory
Relexification
Repair
Repetition
Reported speech
Republic of the Congo
Request Speech act
Resonant see: Sonorant Consonant
Resultative Aspect
Resultative secondary predication see: Secondary predication Predication
Resumptive
Retroflex Consonant
Review
Revitalization
Rhetorical question
Rhetorical structure theory
Rhetorics
Rhotic Liquid < Sonorant < Consonant
Rhyme Syllable
Rhythm
Right periphery Periphery
Role and reference grammar
Romania
Root
Root modality see: Modality
RRG see: Role and reference grammar
Rule-based phonology
Rule-generalization see: Simplification
Russia
Rwanda
Sandhi
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis see: Linguistic relativity
Satellite-framed vs. verb-framed
Saudi Arabia
Scalarity
Scandinavia
Schwa Vowel
Scope
Scotland
Scrambling Generative grammar
Script, orthography
Second language (acquisition)
Secondary predicate see: Secondary predication Predication
Secondary predication Predication
Secret language see: Jargon
Selection restriction
Self-repair see: Repair
Semantic change
Semantic field see: Lexical field
Semantic function see: Semantic role
Semantic interaction theory
Semantic primitive
Semantic role
Semantics
Semantics and pragmatics
Semiotics
Semivowel see: Glide Obstruent < Consonant
Senegal
Sense/sensory Lexical field
Sentence mood see: Illocution
Separable verb see: Phrasal verb
Sequence of tenses see: Absolute vs. relative tense Tense
Serbia
Serial verb
Serialization see: Serial verb
Sexism see: Gender issues
Seychelles
SFG see: Systemic functional grammar
Shetland
Shortening see: Truncation
Siberia
Sibilant Obstruent < Consonant
Sierra Leone
Sign-based construction grammar
Silence
Simpler syntax see: Parallel grammar
Simplification
Singapore
Singular Number
Situation semantics
Slang see: Sociolect
SLI see: Specific language impairment
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sluicing Generative grammar
Small clause Generative grammar
Smell see: Sense/sensory Lexical field
Social media see: Computer-mediated communication Register
Social network
Sociolect
Sociolinguistics and dialectology
Sociolinguistics, language variation
Sociophonetics
Solomon Islands
Sonorant Consonant
Sonority
Sound change
South Africa
South America
South Asia
South Korea
South Sudan
Southeast Asia
Southwest Asia
Space
Spain
Spatial see: Space
Special issue
Specific language impairment
Specific reference Reference
Specifier Generative grammar
Spectral analysis
Speech acquisition
Speech act
Speech community
Speech error
Speech pathology
Speech rate
Speech technology
Spirantization Sound change
Split intransitivity see: Case system
Spoken language Register
Sprachbund see: Linguistic area
Sri Lanka
Stammering see: Speech pathology
Stance
Standard language
Standardization
State verb
Statistical and quantitative linguistics
Statistics
Stative verb see: State verb
Status planning
Stem see: Root
Stigmatization see: Linguistic prejudice
Stop see: Plosive Obstruent < Consonant
Stranding
Stratal phonology
Stress accent see: Accent
Strict CV phonology
Structural borrowing see: Grammatical borrowing
Structural case see: Case in generative grammar Generative grammar
Structuralism
Stylistics
Stylometry see: Authorship attribution
Subject
Subjectification
Subjectivity
Subjunctive see: Mood
Subordination Complex sentence
Sub-Saharan Africa
Substance free phonology
Substrate
Sudan
Suffix
Superlative see: Degree
Supine
Suppletion
Suprasegmental phonology (prosody)
Suriname
Swadesh see: Lexicostatistics
Sweden
Switch reference
Switzerland
Syllabary
Syllable
Syncope see: Elision Sound change
Syncretism
Synonymy
Syntactic alternation
Syntactic connection theory
Syntax
Syntax first alignment
Synthesis vs. analysis
Syria
Systemic functional grammar
Systemic functional linguistics see: Systemic functional grammar
Taboo
Tagging
Tail-head-linkage see: Cohesion
Taiwan
Tajikistan
TAM
Tanzania
Tap see: Flap
Taste see: Sense/sensory Lexical field
Taxis
Telicity
Temperature see: Sense/sensory Lexical field
Temporal construction see: Time
Temporal focus hypothesis
Tense
Tenuis see: Plosive Obstruent < Consonant
Terminativity see: Telicity
Terminology
Text grammar
Text type
Textbook
Thailand
The Gambia
Theme-rheme see: Information structure
Theory of matrices and etymons
Theory of mind
Theory of semantic blocks
Theta role see: Semantic role
Tibet
Time
Togo
Tone
Topic Information structure
Topic marking
Topic-comment see: Information structure
Toponymy
Torres Strait
Touch see: Sense/sensory Lexical field
Tough-movement see: Raising
Transcription
Transfer
Transformational-generative grammar see: Generative grammar
Transitive
Transitivity
Translation
Transliteration
Transparency
Tree-adjoining grammar
Trill
Trinidad
Truncation
Truth
Tunisia
Turbidity theory
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Turn-taking see: Conversation analysis
Type logical grammar
Uganda
Ukraine
Umlaut see: Metaphony Assimilation < Sound change
Unaccusative Intransitive construction
Unergative Intransitive construction
Unguided second language acquisition
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
Univerbation
Universal
Universal grammar Generative grammar
Universal perceptual model
Universal quantification Quantification
Universal spine hypothesis
Update semantics
Uruguay
USA
Usage-based
Uvular Consonant
Uzbekistan
Vagueness see: Fuzziness
Valence see: Valency
Valency
Vanuatu
Vector semantics
Velar Consonant
Venezuela
Verb Part of speech
Verb class
Verb of motion
Verb of perception
Verb of saying/speaking
Verb of thinking
Verb phrase
Verb second see: Word order
Verba cogitandi see: Verb of thinking
Verba dicendi see: Verb of saying/speaking
Verba sentiendi see: Verb of perception
Verbal abuse
Verbal noun
Vietnam
Virgin Islands
Vitality
Vocalization Sound change
Vocative
Voice
Voice onset time
Voice quality
Voiced Consonant
Voiceless Consonant
Voicing Sound change
VOT see: Voice onset time
Vowel
Vowel harmony Metaphony < Assimilation < Sound change
Vowel length see: Vowel quantity Vowel
Vowel quantity Vowel
VP see: Verb phrase
VP shell see: Verb phrase
Wales
Warruwi
Weak noun phrase see: Indefiniteness
West Africa
Whole word morphology
Wh-question see: Content question Interrogative
Williams syndrome
Word and paradigm morphology
Word boundary
Word class see: Part of speech
Word grammar
Word order
Writing
Writing development
Written language Register
X-bar see: Generative grammar
Yemen
Youth language
Yugoslavia (former)
Zambia
Zero
Zimbabwe