Subject keyword | Context |
(Former) Grand Duchy of Lithuania | |
(Former) Habsburg Empire | |
(Former) Ottoman Empire | |
(Former) Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth | |
(Former) Soviet Union | |
A-bar movement see: Movement | Generative grammar |
Abbreviation | |
Abessive | |
Abjad | |
Abkhazia | |
Ablative | |
Ablaut | |
Absolute construction | |
Absolute vs. relative tense | Tense |
Absolutive | |
Abstractive morphology | |
Abugida | |
Accent | |
Accommodation | |
Accusative | |
Accusativus-cum-infinitivo see: Raising | |
Acoustic phonetics | |
Acquisition order see: Order of acquisition | |
Acquisition planning | |
Acronym see: Abbreviation | |
Actionality see: Aktionsart | |
Active voice | Voice |
Actual sentence perspective see: Prague school | Structuralism |
Adaptation | |
Address | |
Adjective | Part of speech |
Adjunct | |
Admirative see: Mirativity | |
Adverb | Part of speech |
Adverbial | |
Affect see: Emotion | |
Affix | |
Affricate | Obstruent < Consonant |
Afghanistan | |
Africa | |
Age | |
Agent | Semantic role |
Agentive cognitive construction grammar | |
Agglutinating languages see: Agglutination | |
Agglutination | |
Agglutinative see: Agglutination | |
Agrammatism | |
Agreement | |
Agreement by correspondence | |
Agreement by projection | |
Aktionsart | |
Alaska | |
Albania | |
Alethic modality see: Modality | |
Algeria | |
Allative (directional) see: Directional | |
Allative (locative) see: Locative (case) | Case marking |
Allomorph | |
Allophone | |
Alphabet | |
Alternative semantics | |
Alveolar | Consonant |
Alzheimer’s | |
Ambiguity | |
A-movement see: Movement | Generative grammar |
Analogy | |
Anaphora | |
Angola | |
Animacy | |
Animal communication | |
Annotation see: Tagging | |
Anthropological linguistics see: Ethnolinguistics | |
Anthroponymy | |
Anticausative see: Unaccusative | Intransitive construction |
Antipassive | Voice |
Antonymy | |
Aorist | |
Aphasia | |
Apheresis see: Elision | Sound change |
Apocope see: Elision | Sound change |
Apodosis see: Conditional | |
Apophony see: Ablaut | |
Applicative | |
Applied language typology | |
Applied linguistics | |
Apposition | |
Appraisal theory | |
Approximant | |
Archaism | |
Areal linguistics see: Linguistic area | |
Argentina | |
Argot see: Sociolect | |
Argument alternation see: Syntactic alternation | |
Argument marking | |
Argument structure see: Valency | |
Argumentation | |
Armenia | |
Article see: Determiner | Function word |
Articulation | |
Articulatory phonetics | |
Articulatory phonology | |
Asia | |
Aspect | |
Aspiration | |
Assimilation | Sound change |
Attrition | |
Attrition (language loss) see: Language loss | |
Auditory phonetics | |
Augmentative | |
Australia | |
Austria | |
Authorship attribution | |
Autism | |
Autolexical grammar | |
Autosegmental phonology | |
Auxiliary | Function word |
Azerbaijan | |
Babbling | |
Baby talk see: Child-directed speech | Input |
Bahia | |
Bahrain | |
Balearic Islands | |
Bangladesh | |
Barbados | |
Bare phrase structure | |
Basic linguistic theory | |
Basque Country | |
Belarus | |
Belgian Congo | |
Belgium | |
Belize | |
Beneficiary | Semantic role |
Benin | |
Bhutan | |
Bibliography | |
Bilabial see: Labial | Consonant |
Bilingual education see: Language(s) of instruction | |
Bilingualism/plurilingualism (simultaneous) | |
Binding | Generative grammar |
Biographical data | |
Biolinguistics | |
Bleaching | |
Blending theory | |
Body part | Lexical field |
Bolivia | |
Bootstrapping | |
Borrowing | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
Botswana | |
Brain damage | |
Brazil | |
Broca see: Modularity | |
Brunei | |
Bulgaria | |
Burkina Faso | |
Burundi | |
Calque see: Loan translation | |
Cambodia | |
Cameroon | |
Canada | |
Cape Verde | |
Cape York Peninsula | |
Capitalization | |
Caribbean | |
Cartography | Generative grammar |
Case (accusative) see: Accusative | |
Case (dative) see: Dative | |
Case (ergative) see: Ergativity | Case system |
Case (genitive) see: Genitive | |
Case (nominative) see: Nominative | |
Case alternation | |
Case assignment see: Case government | |
Case government | |
Case in generative grammar | Generative grammar |
Case marking | |
Case system | |
Casus generalis see: Case system | |
Casus obliquus (accusative) see: Accusative | |
Casus obliquus (case marking) see: Case marking | |
Casus obliquus (case system) see: Case system | |
Casus obliquus (dative) see: Dative | |
Casus obliquus (genitive) see: Genitive | |
Catalonia | |
Cataphora see: Anaphora | |
Categorial grammar | |
Causal | |
Causative | |
Central Africa | |
Central America | |
Central Asia | |
Change of state verb | |
Character | |
Child-directed speech | Input |
Chile | |
China | |
Circumfix | |
Classifier | |
Clause linkage | |
Cleft construction see: Clefting | |
Clefting | |
Click | Consonant |
Clipping see: Truncation | |
Clitic | Function word |
Coalescence | |
Coarticulation | |
Coda | Syllable |
Code-mixing see: Code-switching | |
Code-switching | |
Codification | |
Cognate | |
Cognition | |
Cognitive construction grammar | |
Cognitive grammar see: Cognitive linguistics | |
Cognitive linguistics | |
Cognitive Metaphor Theory | |
Cohesion | |
Collective noun see: Noun class | |
Collocation | |
Colloquial | |
Colombia | |
Color | Lexical field |
Columbia School | |
Comitative | |
Commissive see: Speech act | |
Commitment space semantics | |
Comoros | |
Comparative | |
Comparative linguistics | |
Complementation | Subordination < Complex sentence |
Complementizer see: Conjunction | Function word |
Complex sentence | |
Complexity theory | |
Composition see: Compound | |
Compound | |
Computational linguistics | |
Computer-mediated communication | Register |
Conceptual blending theory see: Blending theory | |
Conceptual integration theory | |
Conceptual metaphor theory | |
Conceptual semantics | |
Concessive | |
Concord see: Agreement | |
Conditional | |
Conditional mood see: Mood | |
Conjugation | |
Conjunction | Function word |
Connectionism | |
Connective see: Conjunction | Function word |
Connectivity see: Clause linkage | |
Connotation | |
Consonant | |
Consonant cluster | Consonant |
Consonant duration | Consonant |
Consonant harmony | Assimilation < Sound change |
Construction grammar | |
Construction morphology | |
Constructivist approach | |
Containment theory | |
Content question | Interrogative |
Context | |
Context-free grammar | |
Contextual prosodic theory | |
Contiguity theory | |
Contrastive analysis | |
Control | Generative grammar |
Converb | |
Convergence | |
Conversation analysis | |
Conversion | |
Coordination | Complex sentence |
Cophonology theory | |
Copula | Function word |
Coreference | |
Coronal | Consonant |
Corpus | |
Corpus linguistics | |
Corpus planning | |
Correlative | |
Corsica | |
Costa Rica | |
Cotext see: Context | |
Count noun see: Noun class | |
Counterfactual | |
Coverb see: Serial verb | |
Creation of writing systems see: Codification | |
Creole genesis | |
Creolization see: Creole genesis | |
Crete | |
Critical discourse analysis | |
Critical genre analysis | |
Critical metaphor analysis | |
Critical period | |
Croatia | |
Cross-cultural interaction see: Intercultural communication | |
Cuba | |
Cultural linguistics | |
Cuneiform | |
CV phonology | |
CVCV phonology see: Strict CV phonology | |
Cyclic linearization | |
Cyclic morphology | |
Cyprus | |
Cyrillic | Alphabet |
Czech Republic | |
Dagestan | |
DAM see: Differential argument marking | |
Database | |
Dative | |
Dative alternation | |
Deadjectival | |
Declarative | Illocution |
Declarative phonology | |
Declension | |
Default semantics | |
Definiteness | |
Degrammaticalization see: Grammaticalization | |
Degree | |
Deixis | |
Deletion | Generative grammar |
Deletion of sounds see: Elision | Sound change |
Deliberate metaphor theory | |
Delineation semantics | |
Dementia | |
Demography | |
Demonstrative | Function word |
Denmark | |
Denominal | |
Dental | Consonant |
Deontic modality | Modality |
Dependency grammar | Structuralism |
Dependency phonology | |
Dependent case theory | |
Dependent type semantics | |
Depictive secondary predication see: Secondary predication | Predication |
Derivational morphology | |
Desiderative | |
Determiner | Function word |
Determiner phrase | Generative grammar |
Deverbal | |
Devoicing | Sound change |
Diachronic construction grammar | |
Diachronic prototype semantics | |
Dialect change | |
Dialect contact | |
Dialect convergence see: Dialect change | |
Dialect levelling see: Dialect change | |
Dialect loss and maintenance | |
Dialectal lexicon | |
Dialectology | |
Dialogic syntax | |
Dictionary | |
Differential argument marking | |
Differential object marking | |
Diffusion | |
Diglossia | |
Diminutive | |
Diphthong | Vowel |
Direct object | Object |
Direct vs. inverse see: Inverse | |
Directional | |
Directive speech act see: Request | Speech act |
Discourse analysis | |
Discourse genre see: Text type | |
Discourse grammar see: Text grammar | |
Discourse marker | |
Discourse representation theory | |
Dislocation | Word order |
Disorders of language development | |
Dissertation | |
Dissimilation | Sound change |
Distributed language theory | |
Distributed morphology | Generative grammar |
Distributed syntax | |
Distributional semantics | |
Ditransitive | |
Divergence | |
Dorsal | Consonant |
Double object | Object |
Double verb construction | |
Down syndrome | |
DP see: Determiner phrase | Generative grammar |
DRT see: Discourse representation theory | |
Dual | Number |
Dual linguistics | |
Dual route | |
Dummy see: Expletive | |
Durative see: Aktionsart | |
Dynamic semantics | |
Dynamic syntax | |
Dynamic systems theory | |
Dysgrammatism see: Agrammatism | |
Dyslexia | |
Early bilingualism | |
East Africa | |
East Asia | |
East Timor | |
ECM see: Raising | |
Ecolinguistics | |
Economy (in generative syntax) see: Minimalism | Generative grammar |
ECP see: Empty category | Generative grammar |
Ecuador | |
Egypt | |
Ejective | Obstruent < Consonant |
Elative see: Degree | |
Element theory | |
Elicitation | |
Elision | Sound change |
Ellipsis | |
Embodied construction grammar | |
Emergent grammar | |
Emoji | |
Emotion | |
Emphasis | |
Emphatic consonant see: Pharyngeal | Consonant |
Empty category | Generative grammar |
Empty category principle see: Empty category | Generative grammar |
Empty head see: Head | |
Enantiosemy | |
Enclitic see: Clitic | Function word |
Endangered language | |
Ending | |
Entrenchment-and-conventionalization model | |
Epenthesis | Sound change |
Epistemic | |
Epistemic modality see: Epistemic | |
EPP see: Extended projection principle | Generative grammar |
Ergative see: Ergativity | Case system |
Ergativity | Case system |
ERP see: Event-related potential | |
Estonia | |
Ethiopia | |
Ethnicity | |
Ethnolect | |
Ethnolinguistics | |
Ethnonym | |
Etymology | |
Euphemism | |
Europe | |
European structuralism see: Prague school | Structuralism |
European Union | |
Evaluative | |
Event semantics | |
Event-related potential | |
Evidentiality | |
Evolution | |
Exaptation | |
Exceptional case marking see: Raising | |
Exclamative | Illocution |
Exemplar theory | |
Existential | |
Exoskeletal model | |
Experiencer | Semantic role |
Experimental phonetics/phonology | |
Experimental pragmatics | |
Experimental semantics | |
Experimental syntax | |
Expletive | |
Extended projection principle | Generative grammar |
Eye movement | |
Factivity | |
Facultative modality see: Modality | |
FDG see: Functional discourse grammar | Functionalism |
Feature checking | Generative grammar |
Feature geometry | |
Feminine gender see: Gender | |
Feminist linguistics see: Gender issues | |
Fieldwork | |
Finiteness | |
Finland | |
First language acquisition by pre-school children | |
First language acquisition by school children | |
First language acquisition, child language | |
First phase syntax | |
Flap | |
Flora and fauna | Lexical field |
Fluid construction grammar | |
Focus | Information structure |
Folk etymology | |
Folk taxonomy | |
Food and drink | Lexical field |
Foot | |
Foreign accent | |
Foreign language learning see: Foreign language learning/teaching | |
Foreign language learning/teaching | |
Foreign language teaching see: Foreign language learning/teaching | |
Foreigner talk see: Accommodation | |
Forensic linguistics | |
Form of address see: Address | |
Formal models | |
Formal semantics | |
Fortis see: Plosive | Obstruent < Consonant |
Fortition | |
Frame semantics | |
France | |
Free indirect speech | |
French Guiana | |
Frequency (phonetics) | |
Frequency of occurrence | |
Frequentative | |
Fricative | Obstruent < Consonant |
Fricativization see: Spirantization | Sound change |
Fronting see: Dislocation | Word order |
Function word | |
Functional discourse grammar | Functionalism |
Functional generative description | |
Functional grammar see: Functionalism | |
Functional sentence perspective see: Prague school | Structuralism |
Functional style see: Register | |
Functionalism | |
Fusion (polysynthesis) see: Polysynthesis | |
Fusion (synthesis vs. analysis) see: Synthesis vs. analysis | |
Future | Tense |
Future perfect see: Future | Tense |
Fuzziness | |
Gabon | |
Gapping | |
Garden path theory | |
GB see: Generative grammar | |
Geminate | Consonant |
Gender | |
Gender issues | |
Gender variation | |
General | |
Generalization see: Simplification | |
Generalized Quantifier Theory | |
Generative grammar | |
Generative lexicon | Generative grammar |
Generic reference | Reference |
Genetic affiliation | |
Genitive | |
Genre | |
Georgia | |
Germany | |
Gerund | |
Gerundive | |
Gesture | |
Ghana | |
Given-new see: Information structure | |
Glagolitic | Alphabet |
Glide | Obstruent < Consonant |
Globalization | |
Glossing | |
Glottal | Consonant |
Glottochronology | |
Glue semantics | |
Government | Generative grammar |
Government and binding see: Generative grammar | |
Government phonology | Generative grammar |
Gradient symbolic representation | |
Grammar acquisition | |
Grammar, morphosyntax | |
Grammatical borrowing | |
Grammatical semantics | |
Grammaticalization | |
Grammaticalization theory | |
Grapheme | |
Grapholinguistics | |
Greece | |
Greenland | |
Guam | |
Guatemala | |
Guided second language acquisition | |
Guinea | |
Guinea-Bissau | |
Habitual | Aspect |
Haiti | |
Handbook | |
Hangul | Alphabet |
Harmonic grammar | |
Harmonic serialism | Optimality theory |
Harmonious discourse analysis | |
Hawai'i | |
Hawaiʻi | |
Head | |
Head-driven phrase structure grammar | |
Headless construction see: Head | |
Hearing impairment | |
Hedging see: Mitigation | |
Heritage language | |
Hiatus | Vowel |
Hieroglyph | |
Hiragana see: Kana | Syllabary |
Historical construction grammar | |
Historical lexicography | |
Historical lexicology | |
Historical linguistics and language change | |
Historical morphology | |
Historical phonology see: Sound change | |
Historical pragmatics | |
Historical present | |
Historical semantics see: Semantic change | |
Historical sociolinguistics | |
Historical syntax | |
History of linguistics | |
History of linguistics: Antiquity | |
History of linguistics: Arab tradition | |
History of linguistics: East Asian tradition | |
History of linguistics: Eighteenth century | |
History of linguistics: Indian tradition | |
History of linguistics: Middle Ages | |
History of linguistics: Nineteenth century | |
History of linguistics: Non-Western traditions | |
History of linguistics: Renaissance | |
History of linguistics: Seventeenth century | |
History of linguistics: Twentieth century | |
History of linguistics: Twenty-first century | |
History of linguistics: Western traditions | |
History of organizations | |
Holophrase see: Ellipsis | |
Homonymy | |
Homophone see: Homonymy | |
Hong Kong | |
Honorific | |
Hortative | |
HPSG see: Head-driven phrase structure grammar | |
Humor | |
Hungary | |
Hypercorrection | |
Hyperonymy | |
Hypocorism | |
Hyponymy | |
Hypotaxis see: Subordination | Complex sentence |
Iceland | |
Iconicity | |
Ideophone | |
Idiolect | |
Idiom | |
Illocution | |
Imperative | |
Imperfect | |
Imperfective | Aspect |
Impersonal | |
Implicature | |
Implosive | Obstruent < Consonant |
Inchoative see: Inchoative/ingressive | |
Incorporation | |
Indefiniteness | |
India | |
Indicative see: Mood | |
Indirect object | Object |
Indirective see: Evidentiality | |
Indonesia | |
Inference | |
Infinitive | |
Infix | |
Inflectional | |
Inflectional morphology | |
Information structure | |
Ingressive see: Inchoative/ingressive | |
Inherent case see: Case in generative grammar | Generative grammar |
Inherent case theory | |
Innateness | |
Innovation | |
Input | |
Instrumental (case) | Case marking |
Instrumental (semantic role) | Semantic role |
Integrational linguistics | |
Intelligibility | |
Intensification | |
Intensifier see: Intensification | |
Interaction | |
Interactional construction grammar | |
Interactional discourse analysis | |
Intercultural communication | |
Interdental see: Dental | Consonant |
Interface | |
Interference see: Transfer | |
Interjection | |
Interlanguage | |
Interlinguistics | |
Internationalism see: Loanword | |
Interrogative | |
Intonation | |
Intransitive | |
Inverse | |
Inverse case see: Inverse | |
Inverse voice see: Inverse | |
Inversion | Word order |
Iran | |
Iraq | |
Ireland | |
Irony | |
Irrealis see: Realis/irrealis | |
Island defect see: Movement | Generative grammar |
Island effect see: Movement | Generative grammar |
Isogloss | |
Isolating language | |
Isomorphism see: Transparency | |
Israel | |
Istria | |
Italy | |
Iterative | |
Ivory Coast | |
Jamaica | |
Japan | |
Jargon | |
Jordan | |
Kalahari Basin | |
Kana | Syllabary |
Kanji | Character |
Katakana see: Kana | Syllabary |
Kazakhstan | |
Kenya | |
Kinship term | Lexical field |
Kosovo | |
Kurdistan | |
Kuwait | |
Kyrgyzstan | |
Labeling algorithm | |
Labial | Consonant |
Labialization | |
Labiodental see: Labial | Consonant |
Labiovelar | |
Language acquisition | |
Language attitudes and social identity | |
Language choice | |
Language comprehension | |
Language contact | |
Language dating | |
Language death | |
Language disorders | |
Language disorders other than developmental and aphasia | |
Language documentation | |
Language faculty see: Linguistic competence | |
Language for special purposes | |
Language ideology | |
Language into act theory | |
Language island | |
Language legislation | |
Language loss | |
Language loss and maintenance | |
Language mixing see: Mixed language | |
Language policy and language planning | |
Language preservation | |
Language production | |
Language shift | |
Language variation | |
Language(s) of instruction | |
Laos | |
Laryngeal | Consonant |
Lateral | Liquid < Sonorant < Consonant |
Latin script | |
Latvia | |
Law | |
Learnability | |
Lebanon | |
Left periphery | Periphery |
Lenis see: Plosive | Obstruent < Consonant |
Lenition | Sound change |
Lesotho | |
Lexical access | |
Lexical acquisition | |
Lexical aspect see: Aktionsart | |
Lexical blend | Neologism |
Lexical constructional model | |
Lexical decomposition see: Semantic primitive | |
Lexical field | |
Lexical functional grammar | |
Lexical grammar | |
Lexical hybrid see: Adaptation | |
Lexical mapping theory | |
Lexical phonology | |
Lexical priming | |
Lexical resource semantics | |
Lexical semantics | |
Lexicalism | |
Lexicalization | |
Lexicography | |
Lexicology | |
Lexicon (lexicology and lexicography) | |
Lexicon-grammar | |
Lexicostatistics | |
LFG see: Lexical functional grammar | |
LGBTQ | |
Liberia | |
Libya | |
Light verb | |
Lingua franca | |
Linguistic area | |
Linguistic competence | |
Linguistic determinism see: Linguistic relativity | |
Linguistic distance see: Intelligibility | |
Linguistic geography | |
Linguistic human rights | |
Linguistic ideology see: Language ideology | |
Linguistic landscape | |
Linguistic norm see: Standard language | |
Linguistic polyphony | |
Linguistic prejudice | |
Linguistic Realism | |
Linguistic relativity | |
Linguistic theory and methodology | |
Linguistic typology, universals of language | |
Liquid | Obstruent < Consonant |
Literacy | |
Lithuania | |
Loan translation | |
Loanword | |
Locative (case) | Case marking |
Locative (semantic role) | Semantic role |
Locative alternation | |
Locution | |
Logic | |
Logical form | Generative grammar |
Logographic script see: Character | |
Logophoricity see: Coreference | |
Luxembourg | |
Macau | |
Machine processing see: Natural language processing | |
Machine translation | |
Macrosyntax | |
Madagascar | |
Maghreb | |
Main clause | |
Mainland Southeast Asia | |
Malawi | |
Malaysia | |
Maldives | |
Mali | |
Manner of articulation see: Articulation | |
Markedness | |
Marshall Islands | |
Masculine gender see: Gender | |
Mass noun see: Noun class | |
Matched guise see: Linguistic prejudice | |
Mathematical and computational linguistics | |
Matrix language frame model | |
Matrix syntax | |
Mauritania | |
Mauritius | |
Maximum entropy | |
Meaning-text theory | |
Media | |
Media linguistic imageology | |
Mediative see: Evidentiality | |
Memory | |
Mental lexicon | |
Mental representation | |
Mental space theory | Cognitive linguistics |
Mental-model theory | |
Menzerath-Altmann law | |
Merge in generative grammar see: Movement | Generative grammar |
Meronymy | |
Metalinguistic awareness | |
Metalinguistic data | |
Metaphony | Assimilation < Sound change |
Metaphor | |
Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit | |
Metathesis | Sound change |
Meter | |
Metonymy | |
Metre see: Meter | |
Metrical grid theory | |
Metrics, versification | |
Mexico | |
Micronesia | |
Middle East | |
Middle voice | Voice |
Migration | |
Mimetic see: Ideophone | |
Minimal pair see: Phonemic contrast | |
Minimalism | Generative grammar |
Minimalist program see: Minimalism | Generative grammar |
Minority language | |
MIPVU see: Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit | |
Mirativity | |
Missionary linguistics | |
Mitigation | |
Mixed language | |
Modality | |
Model-theoretic semantics | |
Modernization | |
Modification | |
Modifier see: Modification | |
Modularity | |
Moldova | |
Mongolia | |
Monitoring | |
Monolingual lexicography | |
Montague grammar | |
Montenegro | |
Mood | |
Mora | |
Morocco | |
Morphology and word-formation | |
Morphophonology | |
Motherese see: Child-directed speech | Input |
Mother-to-child see: Child-directed speech | Input |
Motion | Verb class |
Movement | Generative grammar |
Mozambique | |
Multidimensional analysis | |
Multi-level discourse prominence analysis | |
Multilinear grammar | |
Multilingualism | |
Multilingualism, language contact | |
Multimodal cognitive linguistics | |
Multiple exponence | |
Mutation see: Lenition | Sound change |
Myanmar | |
Name studies other than anthroponymy and toponymy | |
Namibia | |
Nanosyntax | |
Narrative | Text type |
Nasal | Vowel |
Nasalization | Assimilation < Sound change |
National identity | |
Nativeness | |
Natural grammar | |
Natural language generation | |
Natural language processing | |
Natural morphology see: Transparency | |
Natural phonology | |
Natural semantic metalanguage see: Semantic primitive | |
Natural syntax | |
Necessity see: Modality | |
Negation | |
Negative polarity item see: Polarity | |
Neoconstructivism | |
Neologism | |
Nepal | |
Netherlands | |
Network morphology | |
Neural theory of language | |
Neurolinguistic programming | |
Neurolinguistics | |
Neurolinguistics and language disorders | |
Neuter gender see: Gender | |
Neutralization | |
New Guinea | |
New Zealand | |
Nicaragua | |
Niger | |
Nigeria | |
NLG see: Natural language generation | |
NLP see: Natural language processing | |
Nominalization | |
Nominative | |
Non-finite clause | Complex sentence |
Non-verbal communication | |
Normalization see: Status planning | |
North Africa | |
North America | |
North Korea | |
Northeast Asia | |
Northeast China | |
Northern Ireland | |
Northern Macedonia | |
Norway | |
Noun | Part of speech |
Noun class | |
Noun phrase | |
NP see: Noun phrase | |
NPI see: Polarity | |
Nucleus | Syllable |
Null argument | |
Null subject | Null argument |
Number | |
Numeral | Function word |
Obituary | |
Object | |
Oblique case see: Case in generative grammar | Generative grammar |
Obstruent | Consonant |
Obviative vs. proximate see: Inverse | |
Oceania | |
Official language | |
Oman | |
Onomastics | |
Onomatopoeia see: Ideophone | |
Onset | Syllable |
Opacity | |
Operational grammar | |
Optimal construction morphology | |
Optimality theory | |
Oral language see: Spoken language | Register |
Order of acquisition | |
Origin of language | |
Orthographic reform | |
Orthography | |
OT see: Optimality theory | |
Pacific | |
Pakistan | |
Palatal | Consonant |
Palatalization | Assimilation < Sound change |
Palau | |
Palestine | |
Papua New Guinea | |
Paradigm | |
Paradigm function morphology | |
Paragoge see: Epenthesis | Sound change |
Paraguay | |
Parallel grammar | |
Parameter see: Principles and parameters | Generative grammar |
Parataxis see: Coordination | Complex sentence |
Parenthetical | |
Parkinson’s | |
Paronymy | |
Parsing | |
Part of speech | |
Participle | |
Particle | Function word |
Particle verb see: Phrasal verb | |
Partitive | |
Passive participle see: Participle | |
Passive voice | Voice |
Past | Tense |
Past participle see: Participle | |
Patient | Semantic role |
Pattern grammar | |
Pause | |
Peak see: Nucleus | Syllable |
Pejorative | |
Perception | |
Perfect | |
Perfective | Aspect |
Performative | Speech act |
Periphery | |
Periphrasis | |
Perlocution | |
Person | |
Person case constraint | |
Personal pronoun | Pronoun < Function word |
Peru | |
Pharyngeal | Consonant |
Phase theory | |
Phase verb | Verb class |
Phatic | |
Phi-feature see: Agreement | |
Philippines | |
Philosophy of language | |
Phoneme inventory | |
Phonemic contrast | |
Phonetics | |
Phonetics and phonology | |
Phonological change see: Sound change | |
Phonology | |
Phonology as human behavior | |
Phonosemantic word see: Ideophone | |
Phonostylistics | |
Phonotactics | |
Phrasal verb | |
Phrase-linking grammar | |
Phraseological unit | |
Phraseology, paroemiology | |
Phylogenetics see: Genetic affiliation | |
Pictographic representation | |
Pied piping | Generative grammar |
Pitch see: Accent | |
Place of articulation see: Articulation | |
Plosive | Obstruent < Consonant |
Pluperfect | |
Pluractional | |
Plural | Number |
Plurale tantum | |
Pluricentricity | |
Plurilingual lexicography | |
Poland | |
Polarity | |
Politeness | |
Polynesia | |
Polysemy | |
Polysynthesis | |
Polysynthetic language see: Polysynthesis | |
Portmanteau see: Lexical blend | Neologism |
Portugal | |
Possession | |
Possessive pronoun | Pronoun < Function word |
Possibility see: Modality | |
Postposition | Function word |
Poststructuralism | |
Posture verb | |
Power | |
PP see: Prepositional phrase | |
Praesens historicum see: Historical present | |
Pragmaticalization | |
Pragmatics acquisition | |
Pragmatics, discourse analysis and text grammar | |
Prague school | Structuralism |
Precedence-free phonology | |
Pre-conference publication | |
Predication | |
Predicative noun | Part of speech |
Prefix | |
Preposition | Function word |
Prepositional phrase | |
Prescriptivism | |
Present | Tense |
Presentative | |
Prestige | |
Prestige planning see: Status planning | |
Presupposition | |
Preverb | |
Priming | |
Principal Component Analysis | |
Principles and parameters | Generative grammar |
Pro see: Null subject | Null argument |
Process-and-paradigm morphology | |
Processing | |
Proclitic see: Clitic | Function word |
Pro-drop see: Null subject | Null argument |
Productivity | |
Proficiency see: Linguistic competence | |
Progressive | Aspect |
Promise see: Speech act | |
Pronoun | Function word |
Pronoun of address see: Address | |
Proof-theoretic semantics | |
Proper name | |
Proper noun see: Proper name | |
Proposition | |
Protasis see: Conditional | |
Prothesis see: Epenthesis | Sound change |
Proto-language | |
Prototype | |
Prototype theory | |
Proverb | |
Proximate vs. obviative see: Inverse | |
Pseudo-cleft see: Clefting | |
Psycholinguistics | |
Psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics | |
Puerto Rico | |
Punctuation | |
Purism | |
Purpose | |
Qatar | |
Quantification | |
Quantifier see: Quantification | |
Quotation | |
Race see: Ethnicity | |
Racism | |
Radical construction grammar | |
Radical CV phonology | |
Radical minimalism | |
Raising | |
Reading | |
Realis see: Realis/irrealis | |
Realis/irrealis | |
Reanalysis | |
Reason see: Causal | |
Recipient | Semantic role |
Reciprocal | |
Recognition | |
Reconstruction | |
Reconstruction in generative grammar see: Logical form | Generative grammar |
Recursion | |
Reduction | |
Redundancy | |
Reduplication | |
Reference | |
Reference grammar | |
Reference work | |
Referring see: Reference | |
Reflexive | |
Refusal see: Speech act | |
Refutation see: Speech act | |
Regional language | |
Regional variation | |
Register | |
Regularization see: Analogy | |
Reinforcement | |
Relational grammar | |
Relational morphology | |
Relational network theory | |
Relative binarity | |
Relative clause | Complex sentence |
Relative pronoun | |
Relative tense see: Absolute vs. relative tense | Tense |
Relevance theory | |
Relexification | |
Repair | |
Repetition | |
Reported speech | |
Republic of the Congo | |
Request | Speech act |
Resonant see: Sonorant | Consonant |
Resultative | Aspect |
Resultative secondary predication see: Secondary predication | Predication |
Resumptive | |
Retroflex | Consonant |
Review | |
Revitalization | |
Rhetorical question | |
Rhetorical structure theory | |
Rhetorics | |
Rhotic | Liquid < Sonorant < Consonant |
Rhyme | Syllable |
Rhythm | |
Right periphery | Periphery |
Role and reference grammar | |
Romania | |
Root | |
Root modality see: Modality | |
RRG see: Role and reference grammar | |
Rule-based phonology | |
Rule-generalization see: Simplification | |
Russia | |
Rwanda | |
Sandhi | |
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis see: Linguistic relativity | |
Satellite-framed vs. verb-framed | |
Saudi Arabia | |
Scalarity | |
Scandinavia | |
Schwa | Vowel |
Scope | |
Scotland | |
Scrambling | Generative grammar |
Script, orthography | |
Second language (acquisition) | |
Secondary predicate see: Secondary predication | Predication |
Secondary predication | Predication |
Secret language see: Jargon | |
Selection restriction | |
Self-repair see: Repair | |
Semantic change | |
Semantic field see: Lexical field | |
Semantic function see: Semantic role | |
Semantic interaction theory | |
Semantic primitive | |
Semantic role | |
Semantics | |
Semantics and pragmatics | |
Semiotics | |
Semivowel see: Glide | Obstruent < Consonant |
Senegal | |
Sense/sensory | Lexical field |
Sentence mood see: Illocution | |
Separable verb see: Phrasal verb | |
Sequence of tenses see: Absolute vs. relative tense | Tense |
Serbia | |
Serial verb | |
Serialization see: Serial verb | |
Sexism see: Gender issues | |
Seychelles | |
SFG see: Systemic functional grammar | |
Shetland | |
Shortening see: Truncation | |
Siberia | |
Sibilant | Obstruent < Consonant |
Sierra Leone | |
Sign-based construction grammar | |
Silence | |
Simpler syntax see: Parallel grammar | |
Simplification | |
Singapore | |
Singular | Number |
Situation semantics | |
Slang see: Sociolect | |
SLI see: Specific language impairment | |
Slovakia | |
Slovenia | |
Sluicing | Generative grammar |
Small clause | Generative grammar |
Smell see: Sense/sensory | Lexical field |
Social media see: Computer-mediated communication | Register |
Social network | |
Sociolect | |
Sociolinguistics and dialectology | |
Sociolinguistics, language variation | |
Sociophonetics | |
Solomon Islands | |
Sonorant | Consonant |
Sonority | |
Sound change | |
South Africa | |
South America | |
South Asia | |
South Korea | |
South Sudan | |
Southeast Asia | |
Southwest Asia | |
Space | |
Spain | |
Spatial see: Space | |
Special issue | |
Specific language impairment | |
Specific reference | Reference |
Specifier | Generative grammar |
Spectral analysis | |
Speech acquisition | |
Speech act | |
Speech community | |
Speech error | |
Speech pathology | |
Speech rate | |
Speech technology | |
Spirantization | Sound change |
Split intransitivity see: Case system | |
Spoken language | Register |
Sprachbund see: Linguistic area | |
Sri Lanka | |
Stammering see: Speech pathology | |
Stance | |
Standard language | |
Standardization | |
State verb | |
Statistical and quantitative linguistics | |
Statistics | |
Stative verb see: State verb | |
Status planning | |
Stem see: Root | |
Stigmatization see: Linguistic prejudice | |
Stop see: Plosive | Obstruent < Consonant |
Stranding | |
Stratal phonology | |
Stress accent see: Accent | |
Strict CV phonology | |
Structural borrowing see: Grammatical borrowing | |
Structural case see: Case in generative grammar | Generative grammar |
Structuralism | |
Stylistics | |
Stylometry see: Authorship attribution | |
Subject | |
Subjectification | |
Subjectivity | |
Subjunctive see: Mood | |
Subordination | Complex sentence |
Sub-Saharan Africa | |
Substance free phonology | |
Substrate | |
Sudan | |
Suffix | |
Superlative see: Degree | |
Supine | |
Suppletion | |
Suprasegmental phonology (prosody) | |
Suriname | |
Swadesh see: Lexicostatistics | |
Sweden | |
Switch reference | |
Switzerland | |
Syllabary | |
Syllable | |
Syncope see: Elision | Sound change |
Syncretism | |
Synonymy | |
Syntactic alternation | |
Syntactic connection theory | |
Syntax | |
Syntax first alignment | |
Synthesis vs. analysis | |
Syria | |
Systemic functional grammar | |
Systemic functional linguistics see: Systemic functional grammar | |
Taboo | |
Tagging | |
Tail-head-linkage see: Cohesion | |
Taiwan | |
Tajikistan | |
TAM | |
Tanzania | |
Tap see: Flap | |
Taste see: Sense/sensory | Lexical field |
Taxis | |
Telicity | |
Temperature see: Sense/sensory | Lexical field |
Temporal construction see: Time | |
Temporal focus hypothesis | |
Tense | |
Tenuis see: Plosive | Obstruent < Consonant |
Terminativity see: Telicity | |
Terminology | |
Text grammar | |
Text type | |
Textbook | |
Thailand | |
The Gambia | |
Theme-rheme see: Information structure | |
Theory of matrices and etymons | |
Theory of mind | |
Theory of semantic blocks | |
Theta role see: Semantic role | |
Tibet | |
Time | |
Togo | |
Tone | |
Topic | Information structure |
Topic marking | |
Topic-comment see: Information structure | |
Toponymy | |
Torres Strait | |
Touch see: Sense/sensory | Lexical field |
Tough-movement see: Raising | |
Transcription | |
Transfer | |
Transformational-generative grammar see: Generative grammar | |
Transitive | |
Transitivity | |
Translation | |
Transliteration | |
Transparency | |
Tree-adjoining grammar | |
Trill | |
Trinidad | |
Truncation | |
Truth | |
Tunisia | |
Turbidity theory | |
Turkey | |
Turkmenistan | |
Turn-taking see: Conversation analysis | |
Type logical grammar | |
Uganda | |
Ukraine | |
Umlaut see: Metaphony | Assimilation < Sound change |
Unaccusative | Intransitive construction |
Unergative | Intransitive construction |
Unguided second language acquisition | |
United Arab Emirates | |
United Kingdom | |
Univerbation | |
Universal | |
Universal grammar | Generative grammar |
Universal perceptual model | |
Universal quantification | Quantification |
Universal spine hypothesis | |
Update semantics | |
Uruguay | |
USA | |
Usage-based | |
Uvular | Consonant |
Uzbekistan | |
Vagueness see: Fuzziness | |
Valence see: Valency | |
Valency | |
Vanuatu | |
Vector semantics | |
Velar | Consonant |
Venezuela | |
Verb | Part of speech |
Verb class | |
Verb of motion | |
Verb of perception | |
Verb of saying/speaking | |
Verb of thinking | |
Verb phrase | |
Verb second see: Word order | |
Verba cogitandi see: Verb of thinking | |
Verba dicendi see: Verb of saying/speaking | |
Verba sentiendi see: Verb of perception | |
Verbal abuse | |
Verbal noun | |
Vietnam | |
Virgin Islands | |
Vitality | |
Vocalization | Sound change |
Vocative | |
Voice | |
Voice onset time | |
Voice quality | |
Voiced | Consonant |
Voiceless | Consonant |
Voicing | Sound change |
VOT see: Voice onset time | |
Vowel | |
Vowel harmony | Metaphony < Assimilation < Sound change |
Vowel length see: Vowel quantity | Vowel |
Vowel quantity | Vowel |
VP see: Verb phrase | |
VP shell see: Verb phrase | |
Wales | |
Warruwi | |
Weak noun phrase see: Indefiniteness | |
West Africa | |
Whole word morphology | |
Wh-question see: Content question | Interrogative |
Williams syndrome | |
Word and paradigm morphology | |
Word boundary | |
Word class see: Part of speech | |
Word grammar | |
Word order | |
Writing | |
Writing development | |
Written language | Register |
X-bar see: Generative grammar | |
Yemen | |
Youth language | |
Yugoslavia (former) | |
Zambia | |
Zero | |
Zimbabwe | |